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Can protonate and deprotonate at neutral pH.Most stable amino acid at physiologic pH.Glycine (with succinyl CoA) is used for Heme synthesis.Glycine with arginine and methionine (GAM + Ornithine) synthesize creatinine.So remember that Iso-Aromatic (Isoleucine + 3 aromatic AA) are both ketogenic and glucogenic. These are Isoleucine and other 3 aromatic amino acids (Tyrosine, Tryptophan, Phenylalanine). They can be converted to ketone bodies.įour amino acids are both glucogenic and ketogenic. Ketogenic amino acids are Leucine and Lysine (Mnemonic Keto LL). Use STY (Serine, Threonine, Tyrosine), CNQ (Cysteine, Aspargine, Glutamine) to remember the polar AA with neutral -R group.Īll other amino acids not enlisted here are non-polar.Īmino acids are either glucogenic or ketogenic or both.ġ4 amino acids are glucogenic ie can be converted to glucose. The third group ie Polar with Neutral -R group is a bit tricky to remember. Remember BASIC HAL – Basic AA ie Polar with Positive -R group includes Histidine, Arginine and Lysine.Īcidic AA are easy to rememeber as Aspartate is also called Aspartic acid and glutamate is also called glutamic acid. Use these mnemonics to remember the classification. Remember the 10 essential amino acids by the mnemonic AV HILL MPTT and it is easy to remember that the other 10 are non-essential.Īmino acids can be classified into four groups based on polarityĬommon question on this topic is Which of these is a Polar Amino Acid? The 8 others enlisted above are purely essential – as these can not be synthesized by the body and need to be supplied in the diet. Note that of these 10 – AH! ( Pronouned ah!) ie Arginine and Histidine are Semi-essential (as they can be synthesized in adults, but not in chilldren). Now it is easy to answer if you remember the mnemonic AV HILL MPTT

The most commonly asked question in USMLE and NEET on this topic goes something like this If that is confusing, CAAB is the mnemonic you need to remember (Pronouned CAB)Ĭarboxyl Acidic – Amino Basic. Note that the amino group is Basic and -COOH is acidic. A side chain that varies between different amino acids.Structural Classification of Amino acidsįirstly, to understand the basics, you need to know that Amino acids are molecules containing:.Essential and Non-essential Amino Acids.